Biomec Process for Mechanochemical Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Marine Sediments
G. CAGNETTA1, G. INTINI1, L. LIBERTI1, O. I. LOMOVSKY2, V. V. BOLDYREV2
1Technical University of Bari, 70123 Bari (Italy)
g.cagnetta@gmail.com
2Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Ul. Kutateladze 18, Novosibirsk 630128 (Russia)
Ключевые слова: PAHs, marine sediment, mechanochemical treatment, biological treatment
Страницы: 589-597
Аннотация
BIOMEC, a new two-stage process based on a short mechanochemical (MC) pre-treatment followed by biological treatment with purposely selected bacteria ( Novosphingobium pentaromativorans), was investigated to detoxify Taranto’s harbour (S. Italy) marine sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and classified as hazardous waste, according the Italian law (Legislative Decree 152/2006). The experimental results, aimed at determining the overall efficiency of the BIOMEC treatment, indicated that PAHs degradation may be achieved in a very effective (97 %) and fast (<14 days) manner, yielding a non-toxic waste largely reusable as building material. In particular the MC pre-treatment allowed bigger degradation of high MW PAHs; because of their larger aromatic structure, after collisions between sediment particles and milling bodies these congeners may generate more stable free radicals with respect to low MW ones and the probability of their formation is higher, hence they are MC degraded to larger extent. GC-MS analysis of MC degradation products of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), spiked on clean sediment (taken from Taranto’s harbour too), suggest that the first probable step is an almost complete destruction of BaP rings and the formation of oxidized heavy molecules with residual aromaticity. Then the breakdown of this kind of compounds and the formation of small radicals give origin to many volatile organic molecules which, through an accretion process, form heavier compounds up to graphitization.
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